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BLOCK - 6
ENGLAND UNDER STUARTS
UNIT - 2
OLIVIER CROMWELL
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. Which incident in Scotland is said to have sowed the seeds of civil war?
Ans. Bishop's war
2. When did the restoration period start in England?
Ans. 1660
3. Which section of the Parliament argued for a government after the model of
ancient Rome?
Ans. Republicans
4. Who succeeded Charles II to the English throne?
Ans.james 2
5. What was the literature of England after the Restoration generally known as?
Ans. Restoration revolution
6.Name the peaceful transfer of power that took place in England in 1688.
Ans. Glorious revaluation
7.Which general prepared the ground for the Restoration?
Ans. George monck
8. Who became the rulers of England in 1688 after the flight of James II?
Ans. William of orange state and Mary
9. Which event made the parliamentarians invite William of Orange state to take
up the throne of England?
Ans. The birth of an heir for James 2
10. Who succeeded Oliver Cromwell for a brief period?
Ans. Richard Cromwell
1. Prepare a note on the role of Oliver Cromwell in the establishment of the commonwealth of England
Ans. The execution of the king invited hostilities
from all over Europe. In spite of that, England
was declared a Commonwealth by the Rump
Parliament (the Long Parliament after the
expulsion of the 121 members) in 1648. The
monarchy and House of Lords stood abolished.
In this system, the power of the government
was vested with a Council of the State, the
Rump Parliament and the army. The military
became a part of the English government.
Due to his military success, Oliver Cromwell
had become the undisputed leader of the
Parliamentarians. He dealt with the revolted
royalists in Ireland and Scotland and gained
a reputation as a good administrator and
diplomat. His victories over the Irish, the
Scots and the Dutch brought a great reputation
to the Commonwealth government.
The Rump parliament went on with the
conservative laws without adopting any
reforms in the legal system. The attempt to
abolish the Court of Chancery, one of the
branches of the High Court, created much
opposition from the central courts. As it failed
to adopt popular reforms, the Rump parliament
was dissolved by Cromwell in 1652. The new
Parliament nominated by the assembly could
not do anything better. Therefore, it dissolved
itself, and the power returned to Cromwell.Oliver Cromwell assumed the title Lord
Protector in December 1653 and ruled like a
dictator till his death on September 3, 1658. A
pragmatic section of the population, including
the lawyers, office holders and magistrates,
desired to establish a heaven on earth. The
Republicans wanted to shape the government
after the model of Ancient Rome. The social
reformers wanted the land to be returned to
the common people. There were also some
social radicals known as Quakers who had their vision of the new government.
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