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BLOCK - 3
INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENTS IN MEDIEVAL BRITAIN
UNIT -1
ROLE OF UNIVERSITIES
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. Which was the language used for business transactions in medieval Britain?
Ans.latin
2. Which historian gave a public reading at Oxford for the first time
Ans.gerald of Wales
3. Which early reformer of England graduated from Oxford?
Ans.john Wycliffe
4. Which scholar carried Renaissance learning to Oxford?
Ans.Erasmus
5. Who founded Trinity College?
Ans.henry eight
6. What was the first college of Cambridge known
Ans. Pythagorus hall
7. which grade scholar received lucasian professorship in 1699?
Ans.Sir Isaac Newton
8. What was the area of learning consisted of grammar rhetoric and logic known
Ans.trivium
9. Which area of learning consist of arithmetic geometry astronomy and music?
Ans.Quadrivium
10. Where was the first recognised college of Oxford founded at?
Ans.peterhouse
1. Explain the circumstances that led to the inception of Cambridge
Ans. By 1112, Cambridge was a county town within a driving commercial community there was a school tough by clergy at Cambridge after 1112, but the elements of a University did not appear until scholars taking refuge from hostile downsman in Oxford migrate to Cambridge and settled there in 1209. The students who floked to Cambridge soon arranged their scheme of study after the pattern followed by the university in Italy and France and which they were following at Oxford. They were numerous enough by 1226, to have set up an organisation represented by an official called a chancellor and seem to have arranged regular course of study tough by their own members. King Henry third took them under his protection and arranged for them to be sheltered from exploitation by their landlords at the same time he tried to ensure that they got enough teaching by an order that only those enrolled under the tuition of a recognised master where to be allowed to remain in that time gradually the students wear permitted to stay at Cambridge and the first college at Cambridge was in fat established by walter De Merton and who had set up merton college at Oxford.
2. Explain the life of a student in universities
Ans. The students attending University classes often thrived to have an atmosphere of freedom from parental and social control due to this reason several students often go messed up with new habits like excessive drinking and rowdy behaviour this eventually lead to a bad reputation for the students in the nearby towns in the university pass teams like gambling music and chess where permitted however there were students who wear well engaged in scholarly pursuits only religious holidays were from regular class base the student accommodations had minimum facilities in universities like Oxford students of money and troubled their parents for money.
A student in the normal course entered University between the ages of 12 and 15 before entering the universities there were likely to have received primary education from the local churches only the boys were educated and the girls did not enjoy the privilege of education during the middle ages however girls from well to do families were educated by private tutors many students who did not come from wealthy families or friends struggled to survive.
UNIT-2
ANTI CLERICAL MOVEMENT
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. Who was called "the master of errors" by the pope in the 14th century?
Ans.John Wycliffe
2. What was the name given to the followers of Wycliffe
Ans. Lollards
3. Who was the first martyr of the lollard movement
Ans. William sawrey
4. Who led a revolt of the lollards
Ans.john old castle
5. Who was known as the morning star of the reformation in England
Ans.John Wycliffe
6. Who let the lollad moment in England after the period of Wycliffe
Ans. Nicholas of herefold
7. Who is the author of the book "the Canterbury tales"?
Ans. Geoffrey chaucer
1. Explain the lollard movement
Ans. The first heritage of England are popularly known as the lollards they were the followers of John wycliffe the name lollards used with disapproval was derived from the middle Dutch meaning Mumbler the first group to be called lollards where some of the colleagues of John wycliffe at Oxford the group was led by Nicolas of here Ford gradually the movement gained for overs outside Oxford the town people merchants generally and sometimes even the lower clergy followed the ideals of the royal household and few members of the house commons extended their support to the movement with the occasion of Henry wave of separation broke out against the lollards .William sawrey the first martyr of the lollard movement was burned alive in 1401. after a few years they broke out a revolt by the large under sir John old castle which was suppressed by the king the moments started working underground from them on mainly among the artisans and that tradesman.
Although the Lollards started as a movement to reform the Roman catholic Church the state and nobility viewed it as a threat to their existence and an incitement to up he will or rebellion initially the crown of England used the movements as a tool to attack the catholic Church later on especially after Henry came to power the crown suppressed the lollards when the anger of the working class erupted in the peasant revolt it was seen as a result of the work of the knowledge it has to be pointed out that the work of John wycliffe was available only to the educated classes but we can assume that he sympathised with the lot of the peasants in the coming century that came to be used to castigate political opponents.
2. List out the ideas that were associated with the lollards
Ans.a) the pope had no part to decide wordly affairs
b) the church was too engrossed in worldly affairs
c) monasticism had deviated from the path of spiritualism
d) the Bible should be made available to all in local languages
e) it is wrong to use divine power for individual gains
f) all our brothers and equals
UNIT - 3
MIDDLE ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. Who was the author of the "ecclesiastical history of the English people"?
Ans.Bede
2. Which was the most important work of langland?
Ans.Piers plowman
3. What was the common name of the plague?
And. Black death
4. Name the most famous work of chaucer?
Ans. Canterbury tales
5. Who wrote the work confessio Amnetis?
Ans.John Gower
6. Which English writer created characters like the Miller, the wife of bath and the pardoner?
Ans. Geoffrey chaucer
7. Who imported the printing technology to England?
Ans. William caxton
8. Name the two famous morality place of medieval England
Ans. Everymaz and castle of perseverance
9. Name the most popular interlude
Ans.the four P's by John Heywood
10. Who is known as the father of English poetry?
Ans. Geoffrey chaucer
1. Explain the two types of plays in middle English period
Ans. The period also witnessed the popularization of drama the plays where mainly of two types morality plays and mystery plays morality plays emphasized the need to be moral and just in life while mystery plays deal with stories from the Bible morality plays where allighorical dramas in which characters personified moral qualities or abstractions and in which moral lessons were thought the castle of perseverance and every man are among the most important of the morality plays that have survived.
The term mystery play is sometimes used synonymously with the term miracle play some literary authorities make a distinction between the two designating as mystery plays all types of early medieval drama that draw their subject matter from gospel events and as miracle plays all those dealing with legends of the saints miracle plays dealing with the legends of the saints where less realistic and more religious in tone than those concern with biblical episodes and where eventually super later mystery or miracle plays where long cyclick dramas of the creation for and re demption of mankind based mostly on biblical narratives the usually include that is selection of old testment episodes but concentrated mainly on the life and passion of Jesus Christ they always ended with the last judgement the cycles wear generally financed and performed by the craft gills and stage on wagons industries and square of the towns text of the cycles stage and at and stated location in East anglia have survived together with fragments from Coventry, New castle and norwich which they are literary quality is an even but the achievement of the York cycle is greater and consistent of 48 single plays.
UNIT - 4
SECULAR PROSE
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. Who was the first woman writer in English?
Ans.Sixteen Revelations of divine love of Julian of Norwich
2. Who's medieval translation of the Bible was used as a basic guide for the lateral translations?
Ans. Wycliffe's Bible
3. Name the first surviving English autobiography
Ans. The book of Margery kempe
4. Name the first English printer
Ans. William caxton
5. Who wrote the book utopia which visualises an ideal community?
Ans. Thomas More
6. Who is the legendary hero of caltic Britons who fought against Anglo saxon invaders?
Ans. King Arthur
7. Which is the most notable work of humanism in England?
Ans. Utopia by Thomas More
8. Which is the first substantial surviving English autobiography that recounte the religious experience of a pious women?
Ans. The book of Margery kempe
9. Name two religious controversialist who followed the secular style in literature
Ans. Reginald pecock and John skeleton
1. explain the transition from medieval to Renaissance
Ans. Caxton introduced his printing press into England in 1476 and printed malory cycle of Arthur's legends
in the same year Henry to the become the first Tudor King under the name Henry 7th. And the year is considered to mark a transition from the medieval period to the Renaissance in English literature Alexandre Barclay furnished his essays during this period after the fashion of Italian humanist sources he translated the work of Sebastian brant a German satirist into English as theThe ship of fools.and it was a good example of satire on contemporary folly and corruption.the pastime of pleasure by Stephen hawes was another example of the transition phase of English literature.the new trend gave importance to the humanist view projecting education and good governance.the works of sir Thomas elyot namely the book named the governor and Roger aschams toxophilus and the schoolmaster are the best example cited in this regard.
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